Биография галилео галилея на английском языке. Топик по английскому: Galileo Galilei Рассказ про галилео галилея на английском
ГАЛИЛЕО ГАЛИЛЕЙ - (нем. Galileo Galilei) герой драмы Б.Брехта «Жизнь Галилея» (1938). Галилео Галилей великий итальянский ученый (1564 1642), последователь Коперника, создатель телескопа, опровергший учение Аристотеля о небесных телах; революционер и гений в науке … Литературные герои
Галилео Галилей - (1564 1642 гг.) астроном один из основоположников экспериментально математического естествознания Нового времени Аристотель научил меня удовлетворять свой разум только тем, в чем убеждают меня рассуждения, а не только авторитет учителя. Говорить… … Сводная энциклопедия афоризмов
Галилео Галилей - Биография Галилео Галилея Галилео Галилей (Galileo Galilei) родился 15 февраля 1564 года в Пизе в семье музыканта Винченцо Галилея и Джулии Амманнати. В 1572 году вместе с семьей он переехал жить во Флоренцию. В 1581 году начал изучать медицину в … Энциклопедия ньюсмейкеров
Галилео Галилей - … Википедия
Галилео Галилей (значения) - Галилео Галилей учёный Галилео Галилей (фильм) фильм Галилео Галилей (судно) океанский лайнер Галилео Галилей (опера) Галилео Галилей (аэропорт) международный аэропорт в Италии … Википедия
Galileo Galilei (Галилео Галилей) - «Galileo Galilei» («Галилео Галилей») посыльное судно (Италия) Тип: посыльное судно (Италия). Водоизмещение: 900 тонн. Размеры: 70 м х 8 м х 3,75 м. Силовая установка: одновальная, вертикальная паровая машина тройного расширения. Вооружение:… … Энциклопедия кораблей
Галилей, Галилео - Галилео Галилей Galileo Galilei Портрет Галилео Галилея (1635) кисти … Википедия
ГАЛИЛЕЙ - (Galilei) Галилео (1564 1642) ит. физик, астроном, математик. Существенное внимание уделял общим проблемам зарождавшегося научного метода, а также отграничению науки от всякого рода околонаучных и псевдонаучных теорий. Сделал важные… … Философская энциклопедия
Галилей Галилео - Галилео Галилей: жизнь и творчество Галилео Галилей родился в Пизе 15 февраля 1564 г. Его родители Винченцо, музыкант и коммерсант, и Джулия Амманнати. К 1581 г. относятся письменные сведения о Галилее ученике пизанской школы. Он должен… … Западная философия от истоков до наших дней
Галилей Галилео - Галилей (Galilei) Галилео (15.2.1564, Пиза, 8.1.1642, Арчетри, близ Флоренции), итальянский физик, механик и астроном, один из основателей естествознания, поэт, филолог и критик. Г. принадлежал к знатной, но обедневшей флорентийской семье. Отец… … Большая советская энциклопедия
Галилей, Галилео - Галилео Галилей. ГАЛИЛЕЙ (Galilei) Галилео (1564 1642), итальянский ученый, один из основателей точного естествознания. Заложил основы современной механики: высказал идею об относительности движения, открыл законы инерции, свободного падения и… … Иллюстрированный энциклопедический словарь
Книги
- , Г. Галилей. В нашем издании использованы переводы главных произведений Галилея, Диалога и Бесед, а также Рассуждения о телах, пребывающих в воде, выполненные при участии и под редакцией А. Н. Долгова. Их… Купить за 2792 грн (только Украина)
- Галилео Галилей. Избранные труды. Том 1 , Г. Галилей. В нашем издании использованы переводы главных произведений Галилея, «Диалога» и«Бесед», а также «Рассуждения о телах, пребывающих в воде», выполненные при участии и под редакцией А. Н.…
Galileo was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. He was born in Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564. In the mid 1570’s, he and his family moved to Florence and he started his formal education in a local monastery. He was sent to the University of Pisa in 1581. While there, he studied medicine and the philosophy of Aristotle until 1585. During these years at the university, he realized that he never really had any interest in medicine but that he had a talent for math. It was in 1585 that he convinced his father to let him leave the university and come home to Florence. Back in Florence, he spent his time as a tutor and began to doubt the Aristotle’s philosophy.
In 1589, he was made professor of mathematics at the University of Pisa where he attended school. His position also required him to teach astronomy based on Ptolemy’s theory that all planets and the sun revolved around the earth. In 1592, he left the University of Pisa and went to the University of Padua to become professor of mathematics. During his time there, he constructed a clumsy thermometer which would have work if he had taken into consideration atmospheric pressure but it still has a significance in history as being one of the first measuring instruments in science. He taught he for 18 years and during that time, became convinced that there was truth in the theory of Nicolaus Copernicus a Polish astronomer who believed that all planets including earth revolved around the sun.
While still at Padua, in 1609, he built the first astronomical telescope. When he used it to look at the sky, he easily found that most of Aristotle’s and Ptolemy’s theories were wrong. His most important discovery was when he discovered the four moons of Jupiter in 1610. Later that year Cosimo de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, named Galileo his personal mathematician. This brought him back to Florence once again here he continued his studies in astronomy. Galileo also studied motion, especially that of freely falling objects. While watching swinging lamps in church one day, he noticed that it takes the same time between swings no matter how big or small the arc is. This observation led to his invention of the pendulum clock. He also discovered, before Newton, that two objects of different weights fell at the same speed. For instance, if you dropped an orange and an eggplant from the same height at the same time, they would hit the ground at the same time.
In 1613, he wrote a letter where he tried to explain how the Copernican theory was agreed with both Catholic doctrine and correct Biblical explanation. A few of his enemies got letter, and sent it to the inquisitors in Rome. What the inquisitors did, was find and discipline people who were against the teachings of the church. Galileo was brought to Rome to be tried. Fortunately for him, his charges were cleared and he was let go under one condition that was that he was not to hold or defend the Copernican theory. What this meant was that he wasn’t allowed to say it was true. Nineteen years later, in 1632, he published his first book, Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems. In this composition, he compared Aristotle’s and Ptolemy’s theories to that of Copernicus. He did this to show that the Copernican theory was more logical than the other two. Again the inquisitors tried him and this time he was found guilty. He was given to life imprison but due to his old age and poor health, he was allowed house arrest in his home just outside of Florence. He eventually went completely blind and still managed to write his second book. He died on January 8, 1642, at the age of 78. His discoveries about the timing of a pendulum swing, and that of how two objects of different weights fall at the same speed have benefited our society in more ways than are listable.
Топик по английскому: Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei was born at Pisa on the 18th of February in 1564. His father, Vincenzo Galilei, belonged to a noble family and had gained some distinction as a musician and a mathematician. At an early age, Galileo manifested his ability to learn both mathematical and mechanical types of things, but his parents, wishing to turn him aside from studies which promised no substantial return, steered him toward some sort of medical profession. But this had no effect on Galileo. During his youth he was allowed to follow the path that he wished to.
Although in the popular mind Galileo is remembered chiefly as an astronomer, however, the science of mechanics and dynamics pretty much owe their existence to his findings. Before he was twenty, observation of the oscillations of a swinging lamp in the cathedral of Pisa led him to the discovery of the isochronism of the pendulum, which theory he utilized fifty years later in the construction of an astronomical clock. In 1588, an essay on the center of gravity in solids obtained for him the title of the Archimedes of his time, and secured him a teaching spot in the University of Pisa. During the years immediately following, taking advantage of the celebrated leaning tower, he laid the foundation experimentally of the theory of falling bodies and demonstrated the falsity of the peripatetic maxim, which is that an objects rate of descent is proportional to its weight. When he challenged this it made all of the followers of Aristotle extremely angry, they would not except the fact that their leader could have been wrong. Galileo, in result of this and other troubles, found it prudent to quit Pisa and move to Florence, the original home of his family. In Florence he was nominated by the Venetian Senate in 1592 to the chair of mathematics in the University of Padua, which he occupied for eighteen years, with ever-increasing fame. After that he was appointed philosopher and mathematician to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. During the whole of this period, and to the close of his life, his investigation of Nature, in all her fields, was never stopped. Following up his experiments at Pisa with others upon inclined planes, Galileo established the laws of falling bodies as they are still formulated. He likewise demonstrated the laws of projectiles, and largely anticipated the laws of motion as finally established by Newton. In statics, he gave the first direct and satisfactory demonstration of the laws of equilibrium and the principle of virtual velocities. In hydrostatics, he set forth the true principle of flotation. He invented a thermometer, though a defective one, but he did not, as is sometimes claimed for him, invent the microscope.
Though, as has been said, it is by his astronomical discoveries that he is most widely remembered, it is not these that constitute his most substantial title to fame. In this connection, his greatest achievement was undoubtedly his virtual invention of the telescope. Hearing early in 1609 that a Dutch optician, named Lippershey, had produced an instrument by which the apparent size of remote objects was magnified, Galileo at once realized the principle by which such a result could alone be attained, and, after a single night devoted to consideration of the laws of refraction, he succeeded in constructing a telescope which magnified three times, its magnifying power being soon increased to thirty-two. This instrument being provided and turned towards the heavens, the discoveries, which have made Galileo famous, were bound at once to follow, though undoubtedly he was quick to grasp their full significance. The moon was shown not to be, as the old astronomy taught, a smooth and perfect sphere, of different nature to the earth, but to possess hills and valleys and other features resembling those of our own globe. The planet Jupiter was found to have satellites, thus displaying a solar system in miniature, and supporting the doctrine of Copernicus. It had been argued against the said system that, if it were true, the inferior planets, Venus and Mercury, between the earth and the sun, should in the course of their revolution exhibit phases like those of the moon, and, these being invisible to the naked eye, Copernicus had to change the false explanation that these planets were transparent and the sun"s rays passed through them. But with his telescope Galileo found that Venus did actually exhibit the desired phases, and the objection was thus turned into an argument for Copernicanism.
Galileo was tried by the Inquisition for his writings discussing the Ptolemaic and Copernican systems. In June 1633, Galileo was condemned to life imprisonment for heresy. His writings about these subjects were banned, and printers were forbidden to publish anything further by him or even to reprint his previous works. Outside Italy, however, his writings were translated into Latin and were read by scholars throughout Europe.
Galileo remained under imprisonment until his death in 1642. However he never was a real prisoner for he never spent any time in a prison cell or being treated like a criminal. Instead he spent his time in fancy apartments. The rest of the time he was allowed to use houses of friends as his places of confinement the, always comfortable and usually luxurious.
Bibliography 1. Drake, S. ,Galileo at Work: His Scientific Biography. Greensborough Press, 1995.
2. Finnochiara, Maurice A. ,The Galileo Affair. The University of California Press, 1989.
3. Redondi, P. ,Galileo Heretic. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1987.
4. Reston, J. Jr. ,Galileo: A Life. HarperCollins Publishing, 1994.
5. Segre, M. ,In the Wake of Galileo. New Brunswick Co., 1992.
6. Sharratt, M. ,Galileo: Decisive Innovator., Sanford Publishing 1994
Galileo Galilei “founder Of Modern Experimental Science” Essay, Research Paper
Galileo Galilei “founder of modern experimental science”
Galileo Galilei was one of the most remarkable scientists ever. He
discovered many new ideas and theories and introduced them to mankind. Galileo
helped society as an Italian astronomer and physicist, but how did he come to be
such a great and well-known scientist? It took hard work and patience….
Galileo was born during the renaissance in Pisa, Italy on February 15,
1564. He was raised by his mom, Giulia Ammanati, and his dad, Vincenzo Galilei.
His family had enough money for school, but they were not rich. When he was
about seven years old, his family moved to Florence where he started his
education. In 1581, his father sent him to the University of Pisa because he
thought his son should be a doctor. For four years, he studied medicine and the
different theories of the scientist Aristotle. He was not interested in
medicine, but soon he became interested in math. In 1585, he convinced his
father to let him leave the school without a degree.
Galileo was a math tutor for the next four years in Florence. He spent
a lot of the four years studying the scientific thoughts and philosophies of
Aristotle. He also invented an instrument that could find the gravity of
objects. This instrument, called a hydrostatic balance, was used by weighing
the objects in water.
Galileo returned to Pisa in 1589 and became a professor in math. He
taught courses in astronomy at the University of Pisa, based on Ptolemy’s theory
that the sun and all of the planets move around the earth. Teaching these
courses, he became more understanding of astronomy.
In 1592, the University of Padua gave him a professorship in math. He
stayed at that school for eighteen years. He learned and believed Nicolaus
Copernicus’s theory that all of the planets move around the sun, made a
mechanical tool called a sector, explained the tides based on Copernican theory
of motion of earth, found that the Milky Way was made up of many stars, and told
people that machines cannot create power, they can only change it.
In 1602, still at Padua, Galileo did research on motion. The
Aristotelian theory of motion went against the theory that the earth moves.
Because of this, Galileo worked on forming a theory that would show that the
earth does move. He formed a theory that all pendulums swing at the same rate
no matter what size the arc is by watching a chandelier swing at the cathedral
at Pisa. He timed it with his pulse and found out that the c
